It is an operation that consists of subjecting a substance to heat using appropriate equipment. It is also the treatment of a food product in a closed enclosure, at a defined temperature, in the presence or not of steam. Parboiling of rice is the heating of unhulled rice in water over a low heat followed by a hot drying.

The grader is a machine that allows the sorting of various products according to their size. We can distinguish the grader of tubers, grains, fruits and vegetables. The grader is also a device that is used to classify agricultural products into several categories provided by the manufacturing standards that can be the diameter or weight.

BMND blocks are moistened mixtures of urea, minerals, a fibrous carrier and a binder (a substance used to thicken a preparation), in order to obtain clumps used as feed for ruminants. BMND blocks contain nitrogen, energy and mineral nutrients. These blocks allow the reduction of the cost of the animals' feed ration and an improvement of the farmers' income.

It is a storage container for organic and mineral residues that allows the fermentation of the latter to obtain compost. This process of degradation is called composting.

Disruptive technology is an innovation that replaces another dominant technology in the market. Thus the existing product gradually disappears to make room for the new product that now attracts attention because of a revolutionary feature it possesses. Its potential makes consumers break away from the old technology.
For example, the mill has replaced traditional seed processing techniques with an accelerated operating system; indeed, the mill allows the user to save time and produce in industrial quantities to meet demand.

It is a technology that can sustainably increase agricultural productivity while enabling adaptation and resilience to climate change and reducing the possible negative impact of agricultural activities on the environment. These technologies contribute to addressing the impacts of climate change on agriculture. They contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. 

This machin winnow the seeds. Seeds winnoving means cleaning them by separating them from dust and waste with the help of a device. This can be a basket or a metal one. The aim of this technic is to improvement the quality of seeds before they are consumed.

This is an artificial fertilisation technique. Male sperm are instrumentally induced into the female genital tract to promote their encounter with the eggs. In ruminants, the procedure is the same. The male semen is placed in the female reproductive tract. Thanks to this technique it is possible to fertilise a large number of females with the semen of a single male. This results in a multiplication of the production.

In cartography, it is a line or a curve where all the points are at the same altitude. It also represents the line of intersection of a horizontal plane with the relief of the terrain. In agriculture, it is an agricultural practice that consists of ploughing or planting on a slope according to its forms of elevation. This technique reduces soil erosion.

It is a machine designed to transform the flour of certain food products (rice, cowpea, millet, roots, corn, fonio, sorghum, tubers, etc.) into small seeds. These balls are often spherical in shape and become a kind of couscous.

It is a device that allows a product or substance to be extracted. In the agro-food sector, it is used to extract grains (rice, cowpeas, squash, etc.) from their shells or husks. With this technology, husking is easier and faster. The extractor is therefore an effective ally in saving time and energy.

Value chains in the agriculture sector are the set of stakeholders involved in the production, processing, marketing, promotion and consumption of food products and agri-food inventions. Value chains are characterised by collaboration in a competitive market and enable agricultural enterprises or entrepreneurs to respond to market needs.

It is a technology that can sustainably increase agricultural productivity
while enabling adaptation and resilience to climate change and reducing the possible negative
impact of agricultural activities on the environment.

This is a technology whose use and adoption can help to eradicate
malnutrition and improve the nutritional security of individuals and communities. They take into account the nutritional needs of women and children, for example the diet of pregnant women. They are therefore technologies that contribute to improving the nutritional status of women and children, especially breastfeeding women.

These are the technologies that help fight vulnerability among disadvantaged groups such as women and youth, by reducing the drudgery of work in agricultural value chains. These technologies are also a source of employment and wealth creation for men, women and youth, because they allow them to develop agricultural businesses, for their socio-economic empowerment. Indeed, these technologies allow the user to save time and to produce in quantity to satisfy the household food demand, but also in industrial quantity, to meet the food needs of the populations on the market.